Wear Testing Rubber, Plastics & Films
Rubber, Plastics, Films
  • Coatings
  • Coated Rubber or Plastics
  • Composites
  • Credit Cards
  • Decorated Plastics
  • Elastomers
  • Films
  • ID Cards
  • Labels
  • Laminates
  • Linoleum
  • Medical Products
  • Natural & Synthetic Rubber
  • Office Equipment
  • Packaging
  • Printed Circuit Boards
  • Resilient Floor Coverings
  • Rubber or Vinyl Tile
  • Toys
  • Transparent Plastics
  • Tubing
  • Polymers
  • Sheets
  • plus others

* The following suggestions are provided as a starting point for using the Taber Rotary Abraser to evaluate different materials. Based on the manufacturers recommendations, the abrading wheels should be refaced prior to each test and a consistent vacuum nozzle height should be used (measured off the specimen surface). Other factors to consider include specimen conditioning, environmental conditions, vacuum suction level, specimen cleaning, and test cycles.

Plastics

Specimen: 4 inches diameter or square (molded, sheared, or sawed) with ¼ inch center hole for material to ¼ inch thick; 3/8-inch hole for S-21 extension nut for material ¼ to ½ inch thick
Wheels and Load: CS-17 or CS-10 Calibrase with 1000 gram load.
Evaluation: Weight loss method
Remarks: The CS-17 Calibrase wheel under 1000 grams pressure is ordinarily used but the CS-10 may be substituted when it is desired to extend the duration of the test for low abrasion resistance finishes

Decorative Laminates

Specimen: 4 inches square with ¼ inch center hole for material to ¼ inch thick; 3/8-inch hole for S-21 extension nut for material ¼ to ½ inch thick
Wheels and Load: CS-0 (S-32) and S-42 sandpaper strip with 1000 gram load
Evaluation: Visual method, wear through of the decorative layer
Remark: S-42 sandpaper strips must be changed on a frequent basis (i.e. every 200 or 500 cycles)

Safety Glazing Materials

Specimen: 4 inches square with ¼ inch center hole for material to ¼ inch thick
Wheels and Load: CS-10F with 500 gram load
Evaluation: Change in haze
Remarks: Reface wheels with fine side of ST-11 refacing stone

Rubber - Test A

Specimen: 4 inches diameter or square for sufficiently thick and rigid materials; for thin, flexible materials, 4 inches square when adhered to S-36 mounting card or 4 inches diameter when adhered to S-36-1 mounting card
Wheels and Load: H-18 or H-22 Calibrade with 1000 gram load
Evaluation: Weight loss or depth of wear method
Remarks: Flat sheet rubber samples subjected to unusually severe abrading and cutting action in actual service may be tested with the S-35 tungsten carbide wheels with 1000 gram load

Rubber - Test B

Specimen: Wheels, molded or cut from sheet in place of flat specimen; size: 2 inches diameter x ½ inch thick with 5/8-inch center hole
Mounting: ST-11 stone mounted on standard specimen holder, molded wheel specimens mounted on abrading wheel shafts with 1000g load
Evaluation: Weight loss method
Remarks: When testing specimens molded and mounted as wheels with the ST-11 stone, it should be noted that the stone has a coarse and fine side; the side used should be specified in the test report

General Notes

  • To generate useful data, specimens must be flat. A Ring Clamp Specimen Holder (E140-14) or Threaded Ring Specimen Holder (E140-21) can be used to test materials that are slightly warped.
  • The recommended specimen thickness is 6.35mm (¼ inch). Using the S-21 Extension Nut, specimens up to 12.7mm (½ inch) in thickness can be evaluated. An Arm Height Extension modification (Available from Taber Industries or Taber Distributors) will permit testing up to 40mm in thickness.
  • Rigid materials are generally mounted to the standard specimen holder without the Clamp Ring (E100-102), and require a 6.35mm (¼ inch) center hole. When using the S-21 Extension Nut, a 9.5mm (3/8 inch) center hole is required. It is possible to test specimens without a center hole by using the S-37 or S-37-1 Mounting Sheets and the Drive Pin Type Holder (E140-19).
  • Flexible materials are mounted on the standard specimen holder with the clamp ring. The E100-101 Specimen Clamp will accommodate flexible materials up to 1/32 inch thick. The E100-102 Specimen Clamp will accommodate flexible materials up to 1/16 inch thick. Flexible materials can also be held without the use of a clamp ring by means of the S-36 or S-36-1 Mounting Card. This prevents stretching and wrinkling.
  • To subject specimens to a wet abrasion test, the Rimmed Specimen Holder (E140-75) can be used. This is useful to determine the effect of absorbed and / or surface moisture on abrasion resistance.

Reference

Title

Scope
ANSI INCITS 322-2002 Card Durability Test Methods The purpose of this test is to determine the extent of 1D bar code abrasion resistance.
ANSI INCITS 322-2002 Card Durability Test Methods The purpose of this test is to provide a general means to produce controlled abrasion on a card surface.
ANSI INCITS 322-2002 Card Durability Test Methods The purpose of this test is to determine the extent of image abrasion resistance.
ANSI INCITS 322-2002 Card Durability Test Methods The purpose of this test is to determine the extent of magnetic stripe abrasion resistance.
ANSI/SAE Z26.1-1996 Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment The purpose of this test is to determine whether the plastic has a certain minimum resistance to abrasion.
AS/NZS 1580.403.2:1994 Paints and Related Materials - Methods of Test This Standard sets out a method for determining the abrasion resistance of a paint coating or other finishes , such as anodizing, electroplating, paper products, rubbers, plastics, textiles, glass and concrete.
AS/NZS 4266.20:1996 Reconstituted Wood-Based Panels - Methods of Test This standard specifies a method for determining the resistance to surface abrasion of decorative surfaces by using the Taber abrader. It is applicable to all low pressure overlaid particleboards and medium density fibreboards (MDF's).
ASTM D1044-99 Standard Test Method for Resistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface Abrasion This test method describes a procedure for estimating the resistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface Abrasion.
ASTM D3389-94 (Reapproved 1999) Standard Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Platform Double-Head Abrader) This test method covers the determination of the resistance to abrasion of fabrics coated with rubber or plastics .
ASTM D3489 Standard Test Methods for Microcellular Urethane Materials These test methods cover the preparation of a standard-size test sample and basic tests for physical property determinations of microcellular urethane materials.
ASTM D4060 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser This test method covers the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a metal panel.
ASTM D5144 Standard Guide for Use of Protective Coating Standards in Nuclear Power Plants This guide provides a common basis on which protective coatings for the surfaces of light water-moderated nuclear power generating facilities may be qualified and selected by reproducible evaluation tests.
ASTM D6037 Standard Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings Two test methods are included. Test Method A uses a device that contains an abrasive wheel. Test Method B uses a device that contains a wheel that has been fitted with abrasive paper. Either method can be used to evaluate the dry abrasion mar resistance of coatings applied to planar, rigid surfaces.
ASTM G195 Standard Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary Platform, Double-Head Abraser This guide covers and is intended to assist in establishing procedures for conducting wear tests of rigid or flexible materials utilizing the rotary platform, double-head abraser (RPDH).
ASTM F510 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Abrasion of Resilient Floor Coverings Using an Abrader with a Grit Feed Method This test method covers the laboratory procedure for determining the abrasion resistance of resilient flooring using an abrader with a grit feeder.
ASTM F1344 Standard Specification for Rubber Floor Tile This specification covers requirements for the compound and physical characteristics of rubber floor tile .
BS EN 13672 Surfaces for Sports Areas - Determination of Resistance to Abrasion of Non-Filled Synthetic Turf This Standard describes a method for the determination of the wear resistance of a non-filled synthetic turf surface using an abrasive wheel under laboratory conditions. It is applicable to non-filled synthetic turf with a pile height greater than 15 mm.
BS EN 60903 Live working - Gloves of insulating material This International Standard is applicable to: insulating gloves and mitts which should normally be used in conjunction with leather protector gloves worn over the insulating gloves to provide mechanical protection; insulating gloves and mitts usable without over-gloves for mechanical protection.
CFFA-1 Standard Test Methods - Chemical Coated Fabrics and Film To determine the abrasion resistance of chemical coated fabrics and films using a rotary platform double head tester
CFFA-200 Standard Test Methods - Chemical Coated Fabrics and Film To determine the abrasion resistance of plastic film using a rotary platform double head tester
CFFA-P-101C Minimum Performance Standards for Vinyl Swimming Pool Liners (In-Ground) This document sets forth recommended minimum performance standards for vinyl and other polymeric films, plain and printed, which are used as in-ground swimming pool liners.
Daimler-Chrysler LP-463KB-21-01 Wear Resistance of Trim Materials - Taber Method This procedure is a method of determining the wear resistance of trim materials by means of a rotary platform sample support and double abrasion wheel type machine.
Daimler-Chrysler MS-PP11-1 Vacuum Metallizing for Plastic Parts - First Surface Interior This standard presents the requirements of a coating system to be used for first surface vacuum metallizing of interior plastic parts made of ABS, acrylic, nylon, polycarbonate, or butyrate plastics, or others as specified.
Daimler-Chrysler MS-PP11-2 Vacuum Metallizing - High Wear Resistance- For Plastic Parts - First Surface Interior This standard presents the requirements of a coating system to be used for first surface vacuum metallizing of interior plastic that require high wear resistance. These parts may be made of ABS or butyrate plastics, or others as specified.
DIN 52 347 Testing of Glass and Plastics; Abrasion Test; Method Using Abrasion Wheels and Measurements of Scattered Light
DIN 53 754 Testing of Plastics; Determination of Resistance of Wear by Abrasive Wheels
DIN 53 799 Decorative Laminated Sheets on Basis of Aminoplastic Resins; Test Method
DIN EN 13672 Surfaces for Sports Areas - Determination of Resistance to Abrasion of Non-Filled Synthetic Turf /td> This Standard describes a method for the determination of the wear resistance of a non-filled synthetic turf surface using an abrasive wheel under laboratory conditions. It is applicable to non-filled synthetic turf with a pile height greater than 15 mm.
EN 13329:2000 Laminate floor Coverings - Specifications, Requirements and Test Methods This annex specifies the method for measuring abrasion resistance and consequently determining the abrasion class of laminate floor covering elements . The test described measures the ability of the surface layer to resist abrasive wear-through.
EN 13672 Surfaces for Sports Areas - Determination of Resistance to Abrasion of Non-Filled Synthetic Turf This Standard describes a method for the determination of the wear resistance of a non-filled synthetic turf surface using an abrasive wheel under laboratory conditions. It is applicable to non-filled synthetic turf with a pile height greater than 15 mm.
EN 438-2 1991 Decorative High Pressure Laminates (HPL); Sheets Based on Thermosetting Resins; Part 2: Determination of Properties The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
EN 660-2:1999 Resilient floor coverings - Determination of wear resistance - Part 2: Frick-Taber Test This European Standard describes the Frick-Taber method for determining the wear resistance of the wear layer of polyvinyl chloride floor coverings under laboratory conditions. The test method is applicable to floor coverings with smooth surfaces. It can be used to determine the wear resistance of surfaces against abrasion and particularly for ranking different wear layer types within one type of product.
Fed. Specification TT-P-0091D Interim Federal Specification - Paint, Rubber Base, Styrene-Butadiene Type, Interior, for concrete floors. This specification covers a rubber-base paint for interior use on concrete floors .
Ford Engineering Material Specification ESB-M99P14-A1 Pad Printing, First Surface Plastic or Painted Plastic, Interior The pad printing defined by these specifications is an ink system transferred to the surface of interior plastic parts by a pad printing process. These specifications were released originally for pad printing using ink for graphics on interior plastic parts.
Ford Engineering Material Specification WSS-M15P34-B1 Performance, Interior Trim Appliques, High Wear This specification was originally for appliques used on instrument panels and interior door trim panels . A high wear application is a part that is in contact continually, such as the door panel, console, the radio or any other control adjustments.
Ford Engineering Material Specification WSS-M15P34-B2 Performance, Interior Trim Appliques, Low Wear This specification was originally for appliques used on instrument panels and interior door trim panels . A low wear application is a part that will not be in contact by the customer on a continual basis, such as the area behind the steering column or in a vertical area on the instrument panel that is not located near control adjustments.
Ford Engineering Material Specification WSS-M15P4-E Interior Trim, Assembly Performance Specification This specification defines the minimum durability and performance requirements of interior trim panels and moldings where various materials are combined to provide a trim assembly having decorative and/or functional feature.
Ford Laboratory Test Method BN 108-02 Resistance to Abrasion - Taber Abraser This procedure is used to test the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics, coated fabrics, genuine leather, cardboard, rubber floor mats, carpets, other floor covering materials, plastics and painted substrates .
Ford Laboratory Test Method BN 108-04 Resistance to Scuffing This procedure is used to determine the resistance to scuffing of materials such as painted substrates, vinyl, genuine leather and luggage compartment mats .
General Motors GM9515P Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings (Taber Abraser Method) This test method is a modification of ASTM D4060, outlining the procedures to be followed in determining the abrasion resistance of organic coatings by means of the Taber Abraser Method.
ISO 3537 Road Vehicles - Safety Glazing Materials - Mechanical Tests This International Standard specifies mechanical test methods relating to the safety requirements for all safety glazing materials in a road vehicle, whatever the type of glass or other material of which they are composed.
ISO 4586-2:1997/Amd.4:2000(E) High-pressure decorative laminates - Sheets made from thermosetting resins The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
ISO 5470-1:1999(E) Rubber or Plastics Coated Fabrics - Determination of Abrasion Resistance This part of ISO 5470 describes a method of assessing the abrasive wear resistance of coated fabrics .
ISO 9352: 1995(E) Plastics; Determination of Resistance to Wear by Abrasive Wheels This International Standard specifies a general method for determining the resistance to abrasive wear of plastics under the action of abrasive wheels. It is equally applicable to moulded test specimens, components and finished products.
ISO 24338 Laminate Floor Coverings - Determination of abrasion resistance This International Standard specifies a method for measuring abrasion of laminate floor covering elements. The test described measures the ability of the surface layer to resist abrasive wear-through. Abrasion is achieved by rotating a test specimen in contact with a pair of loaded cylindrical wheels covered with specified abrasive paper. The number of revolutions of the test specimen required to cause a defined degree of abrasion is measured.
JIS K 6902 Testing Method for Laminated Thermosetting Decorative Sheets This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the testing method for laminated thermosetting decorative sheets.
JIS K 7204 Testing Method for Abrasion Resistance of Plastics by Abrasive Wheels This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the testing method for the abrasion resistance of plastics by abrading the test piece, particularly in, with an abrasive wheel.
MIL-STD-13231 Department of Defense Standard Practice - Marking of Electronic Items This standard covers the general requirements for marking of electronic items .
MIL-T-28800E Military Specification - General Specification for Test Equipment for use with Electrical and Electronic Equipment This specification describes the general requirements for test equipment used in testing electrical and electronic equipment .
NALFA LF-01-2001 Laminate Flooring This product standard shall apply to the performance of laminate flooring . The standard will be useful in guiding manufacturers and educating consumers about minimum requirements of laminate flooring.
NEMA LD3 - 2000 High Pressure Decorative Laminates This test measures the ability of the surface of high-pressure decorative laminate to resist abrasive wear-through of the decorative layer.
NF EN 13672 Surfaces for Sports Areas - Determination of Resistance to Abrasion of Non-Filled Synthetic Turf This Standard describes a method for the determination of the wear resistance of a non-filled synthetic turf surface using an abrasive wheel under laboratory conditions. It is applicable to non-filled synthetic turf with a pile height greater than 15 mm.
NF G 37-121 Rubber or Plastic Coated Fabric-Determination of the Wear Resistance by Rubbing with two Abrasive Wheels
NSF/ANSI 35-1999 High Pressure Decorative Laminates for Surfacing Food Service Equipment This Standard applies to high pressure decorative laminates for use as work and non-work surfaces of food service equipment on which direct food contact during normal preparation or holding operations is not intended, expected, or reasonable. Applications of high pressure decorative laminates covered by this Standard include wait stations, service counters, and other counters when used in conjunction with cutting boards or other means of preventing direct food contact with the laminate. High pressure decorative laminates used on equipment for which other NSF or ANSI/NSF Standards or Criteria exist shall also comply with the applicable requirements therein.
NSF/ANSI 51-2002 Food Equipment Materials This Standard is applicable to the materials and finishes used in the manufacture of food equipment (e.g., broiler, beverage dispenser, cutting board, stock pot).
SAE J 1847 Abrasion Resistance Testing - Vehicle Exterior Graphics and Pin Striping This SAE Recommended practice applies to the abrasion resistance testing of decorative tapes, graphics, and pin striping . It may also have relevance to certain vehicle labels and plastic wood grain film. The resistance to abrasive damage is judged qualitatively by its effect on the legibility, pattern, and color of the graphic marking.
SAE J 365 Method of Testing Resistance to Scuffing of Trim Materials This test can be used to determine the resistance to scuffing of test specimens such as fiberboards, fabrics, vinyl coated fabrics, leathers, and similar trim materials .
SAE J80 Abrasion Resistance of Automotive Rubber Mats This Recommended Practice covers the requirements for rubber floor mats made from five types of rubber compounds as required by the physical property requirements of the application.
SIS 92 35 09 Floor Materials - Determination of Abrasion Resistance This standard describes a method for the determination of the abrasion resistance of organic flooring materials when exposed to walking traffic of a revolving nature (point abrasion). The method is not however suited to asphalt, textile carpeting, or un-lacquered wood.
SN EN 660-2 Resilient Floor Coverings - Determination of Wear Resistance - Part 2: Frick-Taber Test This European Standard describes the Frick-Taber method for determining the wear resistance of the wear layer of polyvinyl chloride floor coverings under laboratory conditions. The test method is applicable to floor coverings with smooth surfaces. It can be used to determine the wear resistance of surfaces against abrasion and particularly for ranking different wear layer types within one type of product.
SN EN ISO 5470-1 Rubber or Plastics Coated Fabric-Determination of Abrasion Resistance This part of ISO 5470 describes a method of assessing the abrasive wear resistance of coated fabrics .
SS EN 13329 Laminate floor Coverings - Specifications, Requirements and Test Methods This annex specifies the method for measuring abrasion resistance and consequently determining the abrasion class of laminate floor covering elements . The test described measures the ability of the surface layer to resist abrasive wear-through.
SS EN 438-2 1991 Decorative High Pressure Laminates (HPL); Sheets Based on Thermosetting Resins; Part 2: Determination of Properties The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
UN EN 13329 Laminate floor Coverings - Specifications, Requirements and Test Methods This annex specifies the method for measuring abrasion resistance and consequently determining the abrasion class of laminate floor covering elements . The test described measures the ability of the surface layer to resist abrasive wear-through.
UN EN 438-2 Decorative High Pressure Laminates (HPL); Sheets Based on Thermosetting Resins; Part 2: Determination of Properties The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
UN EN 660-2 Resilient floor coverings - Determination of wear resistance - Part 2: Frick-Taber Test This European Standard describes the Frick-Taber method for determining the wear resistance of the wear layer of polyvinyl chloride floor coverings under laboratory conditions. The test method is applicable to floor coverings with smooth surfaces. It can be used to determine the wear resistance of surfaces against abrasion and particularly for ranking different wear layer types within one type of product.
UNE EN 13672 Surfaces for Sports Areas - Determination of Resistance to Abrasion of Non-Filled Synthetic Turf This Standard describes a method for the determination of the wear resistance of a non-filled synthetic turf surface using an abrasive wheel under laboratory conditions. It is applicable to non-filled synthetic turf with a pile height greater than 15 mm.�
UNE 53173 Part 2 [see EN 438-2] Decorative High Pressure Laminates (HPL); Sheets Based on Thermosetting Resins; Part 2: Determination of Properties The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
UNE 56-842 Kitchen Furniture. Tests for surfacing materials. This norm establishes the tests for surface coatings of kitchen furniture.
UNE 56-843 Kitchen Furniture. Physical tests.  
UNE 56-868 Bathroom Furniture. Physical test methods.  
UNI EN 13672 Surfaces for Sports Areas - Determination of Resistance to Abrasion of Non-Filled Synthetic Turf This Standard describes a method for the determination of the wear resistance of a non-filled synthetic turf surface using an abrasive wheel under laboratory conditions. It is applicable to non-filled synthetic turf with a pile height greater than 15 mm.
United Nations - ECE Regulation 43 Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Safety Glazing and Glazing Material This Regulation applies to safety glazing and glazing materials intended for installation as windscreens or other panes, or as partioning, on power-driven vehicles and their trailers.