Wear Testing Paints,
Inks & Chemical Coatings
Paints, Inks & Chemical Coatings
  • Anodizing
  • Architectural Coatings
  • Automotive Coatings
  • Corrosion Protection
  • Decorated Plastics
  • Enamel
  • Industrial Coatings
  • Inks
  • Lacquer
  • Organic Coatings
  • Pad Printing
  • Paint
  • Powder Coatings
  • Textile Coatings
  • Wood Coatings
  • plus others
* The following suggestions are provided as a starting point for using the Taber Rotary Abraser to evaluate different materials. Based on the manufacturers recommendations, the abrading wheels should be refaced prior to each test and a consistent vacuum nozzle height should be used (measured off the specimen surface). Other factors to consider include specimen conditioning, environmental conditions, vacuum suction level, specimen cleaning, and test cycles.

Coatings (Paint, Enamel, etc.)

Specimen: Applied evenly to substrate approximately 4 inches square with ¼ inch center hole (i.e. S-16 specimen plate)
Wheels and Load: CS-10 Calibrase with 500 gram or 1000 gram load
Alternate Wheels and Load: CS-17 with 1000 gram load, CS-10F with 125 to 500 gram load
Evaluation: Visual end point, at the first sign that the wheels have worn through the coating to the substrate; weight loss method, without permitting the wheels to wear through to substrate; change in coating thickness
Remark 1: Accurate, dependable evaluation of the abrasion resistance of organic coatings requires application of a uniform film of normal thickness (such as that applied in actual production practice).
Remark 2: Prior to applying a coating, the substrate should be thoroughly cleansed of dirt and grease.
Remark 3: The effect of age on organic materials and coatings bears close investigation. Many coatings show low abrasion resistance the first few days but progressively improve during the following 30 days due to curing.

Wax

Specimen: Coating applied to substrate approximately 4 inches square with ¼ inch center hole (i.e. S-16 specimen plate)
Wheels and Load: CS-17 Calibrase with 1000 gram load
Alternate Wheels and Load: H-22 or H-18 Calibrade with 1000 gram load
Evaluation: By comparison of the number of wear cycles necessary to produce an equal degree of abrasion with that of an unwaxed standard of like material tested under otherwise identical conditions.
Remark 1: In making the test, it is necessary to allow for the fact that the wheels will become coated with wax transferred from the specimen. Depending on the number of test cycles, wheels may require refacing during testing.
Remark 2: A coating of wax applied to a surface has practically no abrasion resistance of itself but does act as a lubricant which reduces the tendency of two surfaces rubbing together to abrade. This lubricating effect prolongs the life of the finish to varying degrees, and the action of the wax is similar to that of grease in lubricating mechanical devices.

General Notes

  • To generate useful data, specimens must have a uniform coating thickness.
  • To subject specimens to a wet abrasion test, the Rimmed Specimen Holder (E140-75) may be used. This holder has a 3/8 inch raised rim for retaining liquids during test. Such tests might include paint used to mark traffic lanes at busy intersections, subjected to both wet and dry abrasion in everyday use.

Reference

Title

Scope
ANSI INCITS 322-2002 Card Durability Test Methods The purpose of this test is to determine the extent of 1D bar code abrasion resistance.
ANSI INCITS 322-2002 Card Durability Test Methods The purpose of this test is to provide a general means to produce controlled abrasion on a card surface.
ANSI INCITS 322-2002 Card Durability Test Methods The purpose of this test is to determine the extent of image abrasion resistance.
ANSI INCITS 322-2002 Card Durability Test Methods The purpose of this test is to determine the extent of magnetic stripe abrasion resistance.
AS/NZS 1580.403.2:1994 Paints and Related Materials - Methods of Test This Standard sets out a method for determining the abrasion resistance of a paint coating or other finishes, such as anodizing, electroplating, paper products, rubbers, plastics, textiles, glass and concrete.
ASTM D154 Standard Guide for Testing Varnishes This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing varnishes. Some test methods are included but most sections refer to specific ASTM test methods.
ASTM D3451 Standard Practices for Testing Polymeric Powders and Powder Coatings These practices cover the selection and use of procedures for testing polymeric powders and powder coatings.
ASTM D3730 Standard Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings This guide covers the selection and use of test methods for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings (HIPAC) which differ form more conventional coatings in that they are tougher, more stain-resistance, more abrasion-resistant and, ordinarily, designed to be applied to wall surfaces of steel, masonry, and plaster or gypsum wallboard.
ASTM D4060 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser This test method covers the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a metal panel.
ASTM D4712 Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Water-Reducible Coatings This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing water-reducible coatings, both pigmented and clear, utilizing synthetic latices, synthetic resin emulsions, or water-reducible alkyds.
ASTM D5144 Standard Guide for Use of Protective Coating Standards in Nuclear Power Plants This guide provides a common basis on which protective coatings for the surfaces of light water-moderated nuclear power generating facilities may be qualified and selected by reproducible evaluation tests.
ASTM D5146 Standard Guide to Testing Solvent-Borne Architectural Coatings This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing solvent-borne coatings to be used on exterior, interior or both types of surfaces.
ASTM D5324 Standard Guide for Testing Water-Borne Architectural Coatings This guide covers the selection and use of procedures for testing water-borne coatings to be used on exterior, interior or both types of surfaces.
ASTM D6037 Standard Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings Two test methods are included. Test Method A uses a device that contains an abrasive wheel. Test Method B uses a device that contains a wheel that has been fitted with abrasive paper. Either method can be used to evaluate the dry abrasion mar resistance of coatings applied to planar, rigid surfaces.
ASTM E1795 Standard Specification for Reinforced Liquid Coating Encapsulation Products for Leaded Paint in Buildings This specification covers minimum material performance requirements and laboratory test procedures for reinforced liquid coating encapsulation products (single- or multiple-coat systems) for leaded paint in buildings.
ASTM F1478 Standard Test Method for Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Images Produced from Copiers and Printers (Taber Method) This test method describes a procedure for determining the amount of image abraded from the surface of a document. This test method may be used to evaluate the abrasion resistance of images produced by business imaging products, including non-impact printers, thermal transfer printers, and copiers.
ASTM F362 Standard Test Method for Determining the Erasability of Inked Ribbons This test method covers the determination of the erasability of inked ribbons.
ASTM G195 Standard Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary Platform, Double-Head Abraser This guide covers and is intended to assist in establishing procedures for conducting wear tests of rigid or flexible materials utilizing the rotary platform, double-head abraser (RPDH).
BS 3900: Part E14: 1997 Paints and Varnishes; Determination of Resistance to Abrasion This part of ISO 7784 specifies a method for determining the resistance to abrasion of a dried film of paint, varnish or related product, using abrasive paper attached to wheels and abrading by making a rotary movement.
BS 3900: Part E15: 1997 Paints and Varnishes; Determination of Resistance to Abrasion This part of ISO 7784 specifies a method for determining the resistance to abrasion of a dried film of paint, varnish or related product, using abrasive rubber wheels and abrading by making a rotary movement.
CFFA-1 Standard Test Methods - Chemical Coated Fabrics and Film To determine the abrasion resistance of chemical coated fabrics and films using a rotary platform double head tester.
Daimler-Chrysler LP-463KB-21-01 Wear Resistance of Trim Materials - Taber Method This procedure is a method of determining the wear resistance of trim materials by means of a rotary platform sample support and double abrasion wheel type machine.
EN 14354 Wood-based panels - Wood veneer floor covering Annex D - Test method for the determination of the resistance to abrasion; This Annex establishes a method of test for the determination of abrasion resistance of wood coatings and varnishes.
Fed. Specification TT-P-0091D Interim Federal Specification - Paint, Rubber Base, Styrene-Butadiene Type, Interior, for concrete floors. This specification covers a rubber-base paint for interior use on concrete floors.
Ford Engineering Material Specification ESB-M99P14-A1 Pad Printing, First Surface Plastic or Painted Plastic, Interior The pad printing defined by these specifications is an ink system transferred to the surface of interior plastic parts by a pad printing process. These specifications were released originally for pad printing using ink for graphics on interior plastic parts.
Ford Laboratory Test Method BN 108-02 Resistance to Abrasion - Taber Abraser This procedure is used to test the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics, coated fabrics, genuine leather, cardboard, rubber floor mats, carpets, other floor covering materials, plastics and painted substrates.
Ford Laboratory Test Method BN 108-04 Resistance to Scuffing This procedure is used to determine the resistance to scuffing of materials such as painted substrates, vinyl, genuine leather and luggage compartment mats.
General Motors GM9515P Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings (Taber Abraser Method) This test method is a modification of ASTM D4060, outlining the procedures to be followed in determining the abrasion resistance of organic coatings by means of the Taber Abraser Method.
General Motors GM9911P Scuff Resistance Test for Painted Plastics This procedure is used to determine the resistance of paint to be removed from a substrate material.
ISO 7784-1:1997 Paints and Varnishes; Determination of Resistance to Abrasion This part of ISO 7784 specifies a method for determining the resistance to abrasion of a dried film of paint, varnish or related product, using abrasive paper attached to wheels and abrading by making a rotary movement.
ISO 7784-2: 1997 Paints and Varnishes; Determination of Resistance to Abrasion This part of ISO 7784 specifies a method for determining the resistance to abrasion of a dried film of paint, varnish or related product, using abrasive rubber wheels and abrading by making a rotary movement.
NASTA Manufacturing Standards and Specifications for Textbooks If offset printed on coated cover material, a protective top coating for abrasion resistance is required.
NF T 30-015 Abrasion Resistance Test on Paint  
NSF/ANSI 51-2002 Food Equipment Materials This Standard is applicable to the materials and finishes used in the manufacture of food equipment (e.g., broiler, beverage dispenser, cutting board, stock pot).
SAE J 1847 Abrasion Resistance Testing - Vehicle Exterior Graphics and Pin Striping This SAE Recommended practice applies to the abrasion resistance testing of decorative tapes, graphics, and pin striping. It may also have relevance to certain vehicle labels and plastic wood grain film. The resistance to abrasive damage is judged qualitatively by its effect on the legibility, pattern, and color of the graphic marking.
UNE 135203-1 Road Marking Equipment, Materials, Laboratory Abrasion Tests � Part 1: Abrasion Resistance, Taber Method  
UNE 48-250 Paint and Varnishes � Resistance to abrasion � Taber method This norm specifies a method for the determination of resistance to abrasion for paints, varnishes, and products when using the Taber abraser.
UNI 9115 Furniture. Test for surfaces finishes. Behavior of surfaces to wear abrasion. It establishes a method in order to estimate the surface of furniture and is used to maintain the design, color or aspect and subject them to abrasive action. The method is adapted in order to compare various finish systems, or as a control test in order to assure that a determined level of furniture surface performance is maintained and applied to all. It is not applicable to surface of leather, woven, natural and synthetic. Materials; equipment; reagents.